对于自动化运维，诸如备份恢复之类的，DBA经常需要将SQL语句封装到shell脚本。
本文描述了在Linux环境下mysql数据库中，shell脚本下调用sql语句的几种方法：
1、将SQL语句直接嵌入到shell脚本文件中
[root@SZDB ~]# vi shell_call_sql1.sh
#!/bin/bash
# Define log
TIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
LOG=call_sql_${TIMESTAMP}.log
echo "Start execute sql statement at `date`." >>${LOG}
# execute sql stat
mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "
tee /tmp/temp.log
drop database if exists tempdb;
create database tempdb;
use tempdb
create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));
insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');
select * from tb_tmp;
notee
quit"
echo -e "\n">>${LOG}
echo "below is output result.">>${LOG}
cat /tmp/temp.log>>${LOG}
echo "script executed successful.">>${LOG}
exit;
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql1.sh
2、命令行调用单独的SQL文件
[root@SZDB ~]# vi temp.sql
tee /tmp/temp.log
drop database if exists tempdb;
create database tempdb;
use tempdb
create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));
insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');
select * from tb_tmp;
notee
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "source /root/temp.sql"
3、使用管道符调用SQL文件
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql
使用管道符调用SQL文件以及输出日志
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql >/tmp/temp.log
4、shell脚本中MySQL提示符下调用SQL
[root@SZDB ~]# vi shell_call_sql2.sh
#!/bin/bash
mysql -uroot -p123456 <<EOF
source /root/temp.sql;
select current_date();
delete from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=3;
select * from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=2;
EOF
exit;
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql2.sh